John the Baptist
/dʒɒn ðə ˈbæp.tɪst/
proper noun
Hebrew Yochanan (יוֹחָנָן) — "Yahweh is gracious." The forerunner of Christ, son of the priest Zacharias and Elizabeth (Mary's relative). A Nazirite from the womb, the last of the Old Testament prophets, and the one Jesus called the greatest man born of women.

📖 Biblical Definition

John the Baptist is the bridge between the Old and New Testaments. His birth was announced by an angel to his aged priestly father Zacharias in the temple (Luke 1:11-17); his mother Elizabeth was Mary's relative, and Elizabeth's unborn John "leaped in her womb" when pregnant Mary visited (Luke 1:41). John grew up in the wilderness of Judea (Luke 1:80), wore camel's hair, ate locusts and wild honey (Matthew 3:4), and began preaching a baptism of repentance around the age of 30. He was the fulfillment of Isaiah's prophecy: "The voice of one crying in the wilderness: 'Prepare the way of the LORD; make His paths straight'" (Isaiah 40:3, Matthew 3:3). Jesus Himself came to John to be baptized, not because Jesus needed repentance but "to fulfill all righteousness" (Matthew 3:15). When John saw Jesus, He declared: "Behold! The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!" (John 1:29). Jesus said of John: "Assuredly, I say to you, among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist" (Matthew 11:11). And yet, Jesus added, "he who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he" — a staggering statement about the privilege of living this side of the cross. John was eventually beheaded by Herod Antipas for denouncing Herod's unlawful marriage to his brother's wife (Mark 6:17-29). He died the way he lived: unafraid, unashamed, unflinching. John is the model of the forerunner prophet: he knew his role ("He must increase, but I must decrease" — John 3:30), and he played it to the end.

📖 Key Scripture

Matthew 3:1-3 — "In those days John the Baptist came preaching in the wilderness of Judea, and saying, "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand!" For this is he who was spoken of by the prophet Isaiah, saying: "The voice of one crying in the wilderness: 'Prepare the way of the LORD.'""

John 1:29 — "The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, "Behold! The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!""

Matthew 11:11 — "Assuredly, I say to you, among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist; but he who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he."

John 3:30 — "He must increase, but I must decrease."

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