Hebrew Har ha-Moriyyah. The mountain in "the land of Moriah" where Abraham was commanded to offer Isaac (Genesis 22:2). Later identified as the hill on which Solomon built the temple: "Then Solomon began to build the house of the LORD in Jerusalem on Mount Moriah, where the LORD had appeared to David his father, at the place that David had appointed, on the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite" (2 Chronicles 3:1). The same ridge is the northern extension of what would later be called Mount Zion and, in the Muslim period, was covered by the Dome of the Rock.
Mount Moriah is one of the great sacred geographies of Scripture. Three events bind it together: (1) Abraham's offering of Isaac (Genesis 22) — the prefigurement of substitutionary atonement, where Abraham lifted the knife, the ram was substituted, and Abraham named the place Yahweh Yireh, "the LORD will provide"; (2) David's sacrifice at Ornan's threshing floor (2 Samuel 24, 1 Chronicles 21) — when the angel of the LORD stood with a drawn sword over Jerusalem ready to destroy the city for David's census, and was stopped only by David's sacrifice on this specific hill; (3) Solomon's temple (2 Chronicles 3:1) built on the same site — the permanent house of sacrifice where the Passover and the daily tamid lambs would be offered for a thousand years. And then, on that same ridge, outside the city wall, Jesus was crucified — the final Isaac whose sacrifice was not substituted but completed. "On the mount of the LORD it shall be provided" (Genesis 22:14). The hill where God gave Abraham a ram became the hill where God gave the world His Son.