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G1482 · Greek · New Testament
ἐθνικός
Ethnikos
Adjective
Gentile, pagan, heathen

Definition

The Greek adjective ethnikos refers to what belongs to the nations (ethnē) — the Gentiles or pagans as distinct from Jews. It carries the sense of one who lives according to Gentile/pagan customs, outside the covenant community of Israel.

Usage & Theological Significance

Jesus uses ethnikos in Matthew 5:47 and 6:7 to contrast the behavior of disciples with that of pagans — even Gentiles greet their own kind and heap up empty words in prayer. The bar for kingdom living is set higher than cultural or ethnic in-group norms. Significantly, Paul's confrontation of Peter in Galatians 2:14 challenges him for 'living like a Gentile' — the new covenant has abolished the ethnic barrier, making all one in Christ.

Key Bible Verses

Matthew 5:47 And if you greet only your brothers, what more are you doing than others? Do not even the Gentiles (ethnikos) do the same?
Matthew 6:7 And when you pray, do not heap up empty phrases as the Gentiles (ethnikos) do, for they think that they will be heard for their many words.
Matthew 18:17 And if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile (ethnikos) and a tax collector.
Galatians 2:14 But when I saw that their conduct was not in step with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas before them all, 'If you, though a Jew, live like a Gentile.'
Ephesians 2:12 Remember that you were at that time separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel.

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