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G1595 · Greek · New Testament
ἑκούσιος
Hekousios
Adjective
Voluntary; Willing; Free

Definition

The Greek hekousios means voluntary, willing, or free — done of one's own accord rather than under compulsion. In Philemon 14, Paul uses it to emphasize that he wants Onesimus to help voluntarily, not under compulsion: 'so that any favor you do would not seem forced but would be voluntary (hekousios).' In 1 Peter 5:2, elders are to shepherd 'not because you must, but because you are willing (hekousios).'

Usage & Theological Significance

The theology of hekousios service and sacrifice stands at the heart of NT ethics. Hebrews 10:26 uses the adverb form for a chilling warning: 'If we deliberately (hekousios) keep on sinning after we have received the knowledge of the truth, no sacrifice for sins is left.' This is the flip side: what makes voluntary sin so serious is that it mirrors the voluntary sacrifice of Christ — but in the opposite direction. Christ voluntarily gave Himself; deliberate post-conversion sin voluntarily tramples that sacrifice. The power of hekousios cuts both ways: toward redemption and toward rebellion.

Key Bible Verses

Philemon 14 But I did not want to do anything without your consent, so that any favor you do would not seem forced but would be voluntary.
1 Peter 5:2 Be shepherds of God's flock that is under your care, watching over them — not because you must, but because you are willing.
Hebrews 10:26 If we deliberately (hekousios) keep on sinning after we have received the knowledge of the truth, no sacrifice for sins is left.
Psalm 54:6 I will sacrifice a freewill offering to you; I will praise your name, LORD, for it is good.
2 Corinthians 9:7 Each of you should give what you have decided in your heart to give, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver.

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