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G2068 · Greek · New Testament
ἐσθίω
esthiō
Verb
to eat, consume, devour

Definition

Esthiō is the standard Greek verb for eating — consuming food orally. It appears throughout the Gospels and Epistles in both literal and figurative senses. Jesus ate with sinners (Matt 9:11), fed the five thousand (Matt 14:20-21), instructed about eating in purity (Matt 15:17-20), instituted the Lord's Supper with eating and drinking (1 Cor 11:24-26), and made His most challenging eucharistic claim: 'Unless you eat [esthiō] the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in you' (Jn 6:53).

Usage & Theological Significance

Eating is a profoundly theological act in Scripture. The first sin involved eating what was forbidden (Gen 3). The covenant with Abraham included a meal. The Exodus was inaugurated by the Passover meal. The Law regulated what could be eaten. Jesus' table fellowship with sinners was itself a proclamation of the kingdom. The Lord's Supper makes esthiō a sacramental act: 'Do this in remembrance of me.' Revelation 3:20 uses eating imagery for intimate communion: 'I will come in and eat [deipneō] with that person.' From creation's meal to the Marriage Supper of the Lamb, esthiō traces the arc of God's relational purpose.

Key Bible Verses

John 6:53 Jesus said to them, 'Very truly I tell you, unless you eat [esthiō] the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in you.'
Matthew 9:11 When the Pharisees saw this, they asked his disciples, 'Why does your teacher eat [esthiō] with tax collectors and sinners?'
1 Corinthians 11:26 For whenever you eat [esthiō] this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.
Romans 14:3 The one who eats [esthiō] everything must not treat with contempt the one who does not, and the one who does not eat everything must not judge the one who does.
Revelation 3:20 Here I am! I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears my voice and opens the door, I will come in and eat with that person.

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