A major city in the Roman province of Asia (modern Bergama, Turkey). One of the seven churches addressed in Revelation. Known for its great library, temple of Zeus, and the first temple of the imperial cult in Asia.
Jesus describes Pergamum as the place 'where Satan has his throne' (Revelation 2:13) — likely referring to the massive altar of Zeus or the imperial cult temple. Despite living in this hostile environment, believers held fast to Christ's name. Yet Jesus rebuked them for tolerating false teaching. The message to Pergamum teaches that faithfulness in hostile territory must be paired with doctrinal purity.