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G4395 · Greek · New Testament
προφητεύω
prophēteuō
Verb
to prophesy, to speak forth the word of God

Definition

Prophēteuō (προφητεύω) means to prophesy — to speak forth a message from God. From pro (before/forth) + phēmi (to speak). The verb encompasses both foretelling (predicting) and forthtelling (proclaiming God's word to the present situation).

Usage & Theological Significance

Prophecy in the NT is a gift of the Spirit (1 Cor. 12:10; 14:1-5) given for the building up of the church — not primarily for prediction but for strengthening, encouraging, and comfort (1 Cor. 14:3). Paul says "eagerly desire to prophesy" — it is the most valuable of speech gifts because it communicates directly to the assembled community. The prophetic tradition stretches from Moses ("would that all the LORD's people were prophets!" Num. 11:29) through Joel ("your sons and daughters will prophesy," Joel 2:28, quoted at Pentecost, Acts 2:17). Jesus himself prophēteuō-ed — and was rejected for it. The NT also warns of false prophets (Matt. 7:15) — those who speak in Jesus' name but lead astray.

Key Verses

1 Corinthians 14:3 But the one who prophesies [prophēteuō] speaks to people for their strengthening, encouraging and comfort.
Acts 2:17-18 "Your sons and daughters will prophesy [prophēteuō]... Even on my servants, both men and women, I will pour out my Spirit in those days, and they will prophesy."
Matthew 7:22 "Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy [prophēteuō] in your name and in your name drive out demons?"
Romans 12:6 We have different gifts... If your gift is prophesying [prophēteuō], then prophesy in accordance with your faith.
Revelation 11:3 "And I will appoint my two witnesses, and they will prophesy [prophēteuō] for 1,260 days, clothed in sackcloth."

Word Study

The pro- prefix in Greek prophecy words is ambiguous: it can mean "before" (temporally) or "forth" (spatially). Most NT prophetic speech is "forthtelling" — speaking God's word into the present — with the predictive element secondary. 1 Corinthians 14 is the NT's most extensive teaching on prophetic practice: it is spoken, intelligible, ordered, and subject to evaluation. The Spirit's gift is not unaccountable; prophecy is tested.

Related Words

External Resources

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