The Greek form Adam (transliterating Hebrew Adam, H120) refers both to the first human being created by God and to a representative figure for all humanity. In the New Testament, Adam is used typologically in contrast to Jesus Christ, the 'last Adam,' in Paul's theology of sin and redemption.
Paul's Adam-Christ typology in Romans 5 and 1 Corinthians 15 is among the most important theological frameworks in the New Testament. In Romans 5:12–21, Paul argues that 'death came through one man' (Adam) and that his one act of disobedience brought condemnation to all. But Christ, as the 'second man' and 'last Adam' (1 Corinthians 15:45–47), accomplishes the reverse: one act of righteousness brings justification and life to all who are in Him. The genealogy in Luke 3:38 traces Jesus back to 'Adam, the son of God,' establishing Jesus as the new Adam who recapitulates and redeems all that the first Adam lost. Jude 14 identifies Enoch as 'the seventh from Adam,' anchoring prophecy in creation history.