Bani is a Hebrew proper name meaning "built" or possibly "my building/son." It is derived from the root banah (to build). Multiple men bear this name in the Old Testament, including a Gadite warrior in David's mighty men (2 Samuel 23:36), several Levites who signed Nehemiah's covenant, and various men in Ezra-Nehemiah's community.
While primarily a personal name, Bani's occurrence in the lists of those who rebuilt Jerusalem's walls and renewed the covenant (Nehemiah 8–10) makes it theologically significant. These men named "Built" participated in the literal rebuilding of God's city after exile — a living illustration of God's promise to restore and rebuild His people. The name also occurs in the Levitical genealogies, anchoring the worship ministry of Israel.