The Hebrew name Bashan (בָּשָׁן) refers to a rich, well-watered plateau east of the Jordan River, north of Gilead and south of Mount Hermon. Renowned for its cattle, oak trees, and grain, Bashan was conquered by Israel from King Og and allotted to the half-tribe of Manasseh. Its powerful bulls became a symbol of arrogant oppressors in the Psalms.
Bashan appears in Scripture with layered theological significance. The conquest of Og, king of Bashan, was celebrated as a great victory demonstrating God's power (Psalm 135:11; 136:20). In Psalm 22:12–13, the 'strong bulls of Bashan' surround the suffering servant — a messianic image of enemies encircling Christ. Isaiah and Ezekiel use Bashan's glory as a backdrop for judgment and restoration. The region's prosperity serves as a reminder of God's provision and the danger of pride that comes with abundance.