Haphak means to turn, overturn, overthrow, or transform. It appears about 95 times. It describes physical overturning (Sodom), turning one thing into another (water to blood), and transformation of circumstances or hearts.
This word captures God's power to radically transform situations. He overturns cities in judgment (Sodom), turns mourning into dancing (Psalm 30:11), and transforms hearts. The overthrow of Sodom became the paradigmatic example of divine judgment, while positive uses reveal God's restorative power.