The Hebrew noun ezrach (אֶזְרָח) refers to a native-born person, someone who is "home-grown" or indigenous — a full citizen of Israel by birth. It is contrasted with the ger (H1616, resident alien/sojourner). The word derives from a root related to shining or rising, possibly evoking the idea of one who has "sprung up" in the land.
The ezrach concept carries significant theological weight in the Torah's laws of equality. God repeatedly declares that the same law applies to the native-born and the sojourner: one law for all (Exodus 12:49; Numbers 9:14; 15:15). This anticipates the New Covenant's breaking down of barriers — "there is neither Jew nor Greek" (Galatians 3:28). The native-born had no advantage before God. Every feast, every sacrifice, every commandment applied equally. The repetition in Torah suggests resistance in human hearts to this equality, which makes God's insistence all the more remarkable.