The Hebrew noun tohar denotes purity, cleanness, or brightness — both in the physical/ritual sense and the moral/ethical sense. It is the noun form derived from the verb taher (to be clean/pure). The word encompasses cleanness from ritual impurity (Lev 12), moral purity in conduct, and the shining brightness of precious stones.
Tohar points to the holiness required for approaching God. In Exodus 24:10, the pavement under God's feet had the brightness of tohar — lapis lazuli — suggesting divine splendor. The purification rites in Leviticus 12 use tohar for the completion of a woman's cleansing after childbirth. Theologically, purity is not optional for covenant relationship: it is the condition for access to the holy God. Christ's atonement is the ultimate fulfillment — purifying believers completely (Heb 1:3; 1 John 1:7).