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H399 · Hebrew · Old Testament
אֲכַל
Akal
Verb (Aramaic)
To eat, devour, consume

Definition

The Aramaic verb akal (אֲכַל, H399) means "to eat, to devour, consume" — the Aramaic cognate of the Hebrew akal (H398). It appears in the Aramaic sections of Daniel and Ezra, where it is used both literally (eating food) and figuratively (consuming by fire or accusation).

Usage & Theological Significance

The Aramaic akal carries one of its most striking metaphorical uses in Daniel 3:8 and 6:24 in the phrase akal qartzehin — literally "to eat their pieces" — meaning "to accuse," or more idiomatically, "to slander." This expression, also found in Akkadian and Aramaic literature, captures the malicious act of false accusation as a kind of predatory devouring. The Babylonian courtiers who accused Daniel and the three Hebrew men were spiritually devouring them. Scripture repeatedly warns against this — even as the lion's mouths were shut for Daniel, God protects those falsely accused who trust in Him.

Key Bible Verses

Daniel 3:8 At this time some astrologers came forward and denounced the Jews (lit. ate the pieces of the Jews).
Daniel 6:24 At the king's command, the men who had falsely accused Daniel were brought in and thrown into the lions' den, along with their wives and children. And before they reached the floor of the den, the lions overpowered them and crushed all their bones.
Daniel 7:5 And there before me was a second beast, which looked like a bear. It had three ribs in its mouth between its teeth, and it was told, 'Get up and eat your fill of flesh!'
Ezra 4:12 Let it be known to the king that the Jews who came up to us from you have gone to Jerusalem and are rebuilding that rebellious and wicked city.
Revelation 12:10 For the accuser of our brothers and sisters, who accuses them before our God day and night, has been hurled down.

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