The Hebrew verb nata means to plant — trees, vineyards, gardens — and by extension, to establish or fix firmly in place. It is used literally of agricultural planting and metaphorically of God planting Israel in the land (Exodus 15:17), planting righteousness (Isaiah 61:3), and establishing the nations.
The planting metaphor is rich with covenantal and eschatological meaning. God planted the Garden of Eden (Genesis 2:8) — creating a holy dwelling for humanity. He planted Israel like a vine in the land (Psalm 80:8-9; Isaiah 5:1-7), and Israel's failure to bear fruit is a central prophetic indictment. The Servant will be planted as the Righteous Branch (Isaiah 11:1). Those who trust in God are planted like trees by streams of water (Psalm 1:3). Isaiah 61:3 promises that the mourning will become "oaks of righteousness, a planting of the LORD for the display of his splendor."