The Hebrew word tsaphtsepha refers to a willow or poplar tree — a water-loving tree found along rivers and streams. It appears in Ezekiel 17:5 in the parable of the great eagle, describing a seed planted 'beside abundant waters' like a willow. The willow's association with flowing water made it a symbol of growth nourished by God's provision.
In Ezekiel's allegory of the two eagles (chapter 17), the willow planted beside abundant waters represents the ideal covenant relationship — nourished and flourishing under God's care. The willow's need for water connects to the 'tree planted by streams of water' in Psalm 1, which meditates on the Torah day and night. The righteous are compared to trees whose roots reach living water — symbolizing deep, continuous connection to God's word. Contrast with Psalm 137, where Israel hung their harps on the willows (H6155, a different word) and wept in exile — cut off from their spiritual nourishment.