The name Eshban (אֶשְׁבָּן) identifies a son of Dishon, one of the Horite chiefs of Edom listed in Genesis 36:26 and 1 Chronicles 1:41. The Horites were cave-dwellers who originally inhabited the hill country of Seir before being displaced by Esau's descendants.
The detailed genealogy of Edom in Genesis 36 fulfills God's promise to Abraham that his descendants (including those through Esau) would be fruitful (Genesis 17:20), and distinguishes the Edomite line from Israel's covenant line. The Horites like Eshban represent the world as it was — organized by tribal structures — that the covenant people would encounter and displace. Yet even these names are preserved by God, who sees every people and holds every ruler accountable.