Baptism of Jesus
/ˈbæp.tɪz.əm/
noun phrase (event)
The event recorded in Matthew 3:13-17, Mark 1:9-11, and Luke 3:21-22 in which Jesus, at the start of His public ministry, came from Galilee to be baptized by John the Baptist in the Jordan River. The Father's voice and the Spirit's descent identified Him publicly as the beloved Son.

📖 Biblical Definition

The baptism of Jesus inaugurates His public ministry and is one of the clearest Trinitarian moments in all of Scripture. Jesus came from Galilee to the Jordan specifically to be baptized by John. John, aware of Jesus' sinlessness, tried to prevent it: "I need to be baptized by You, and are You coming to me?" Jesus answered, "Permit it to be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness" (Matthew 3:14-15). Jesus was not baptized for repentance of His own sin — He had none — but to identify Himself with sinners, to stand with them at the Jordan as their representative. It was the first step on a road that would end at Calvary. When He came up out of the water, "immediately the heavens were opened to Him, and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting upon Him. And suddenly a voice came from heaven, saying, 'This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased'" (Matthew 3:16-17). All three persons of the Trinity are present: the Son in the water, the Spirit descending as a dove, the Father speaking from heaven. The Father's words combine Psalm 2:7 ("You are My Son") and Isaiah 42:1 ("My elect One in whom My soul delights"), identifying Jesus as both the royal Son of David and the Suffering Servant. The baptism also inaugurates a pattern for Christian baptism: the Spirit is given, the Father's voice declares sonship, and the baptized person is identified with Christ. Every Christian who has been baptized has, in a sense, come up out of the water to hear the Father say, "You are My beloved child, in you I am well pleased" — not because of our righteousness but because of Christ's.

📖 Key Scripture

Matthew 3:13-15 — "Then Jesus came from Galilee to John at the Jordan to be baptized by him. And John tried to prevent Him, saying, "I need to be baptized by You, and are You coming to me?" But Jesus answered and said to Him, "Permit it to be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.""

Matthew 3:16-17 — "When He had been baptized, Jesus came up immediately from the water; and behold, the heavens were opened to Him, and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting upon Him. And suddenly a voice came from heaven, saying, "This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.""

Mark 1:10-11 — "And immediately, coming up from the water, He saw the heavens parting and the Spirit descending upon Him like a dove. Then a voice came from heaven, "You are My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.""

Luke 3:22 — "And the Holy Spirit descended in bodily form like a dove upon Him, and a voice came from heaven which said, "You are My beloved Son; in You I am well pleased.""

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