Barabbas
/bəˈræb.əs/
proper noun
Aramaic Bar Abba (בַּר אַבָּא) — literally "son of the father." A prisoner — variously called a robber, rebel, and murderer — whom Pilate offered to release to the crowd along with Jesus. The crowd chose Barabbas. He walks free while Jesus goes to the cross. The clearest single picture in the Gospels of substitutionary atonement.

📖 Biblical Definition

Barabbas is one of the most remarkable details in the Passion narrative. His name — Bar Abba — literally means "son of the father." Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all mention him. He was in prison for insurrection and murder (Mark 15:7, Luke 23:19, John 18:40). Pilate, looking for a way to release Jesus, invoked a custom of releasing one prisoner at the Passover: he offered the crowd a choice between Jesus Christ (called in some manuscripts "Jesus Barabbas" to heighten the parallel) and Barabbas the murderer. "They all said to him, 'Let Him be crucified!'... Then he released Barabbas to them; and when he had scourged Jesus, He delivered Him to be crucified" (Matthew 27:22-26). The symbolism is almost unbearable. A guilty man — a murderer — walks free because an innocent Man takes his place on the cross. Literally: Jesus dies instead of Barabbas. This is the whole gospel in a single scene. Every Christian is Barabbas. Every Christian is the guilty one who should have died, whose sentence was commuted because Jesus took it. When Barabbas left the Praetorium that morning, he did not know what he had just escaped, and he did not know who had paid for his escape. But we know. And every Christian knows, with Barabbas, what it is to walk out into the sunshine free because Jesus walked the other way, toward the cross. Tradition is silent on what became of Barabbas. We do not know if he ever understood what had happened. But the story is still his. It is the story of every sinner who has ever been set free because Another took the sentence.

📖 Key Scripture

Matthew 27:16-17 — "And at that time they had a notorious prisoner called Barabbas. Therefore, when they had gathered together, Pilate said to them, "Whom do you want me to release to you? Barabbas, or Jesus who is called Christ?""

Matthew 27:20-22 — "But the chief priests and elders persuaded the multitudes that they should ask for Barabbas and destroy Jesus... They all said to Him, "Let Him be crucified!""

Mark 15:7 — "And there was one named Barabbas, who was chained with his fellow insurrectionists; they had committed murder in the insurrection."

Luke 23:25 — "And He released to them the one they requested, who for rebellion and murder had been thrown into prison; but He delivered Jesus to their will."

Related Words