The Christian discipline of mutual confession of faults to fellow believers for prayer and accountability. The biblical anchor is James 5:16: Confess your faults one to another, and pray one for another, that ye may be healed. The effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much. The discipline is distinguished from two opposing errors. (1) Roman Catholic auricular confession to a priest, established as required sacramental practice for absolution; the Reformation rejected this on the grounds that no priestly intermediary stands between the believer and Christ (1 Timothy 2:5) and that confession of sin is properly directed to God (1 John 1:9, the confession-to-God passage), with mutual confession among believers being a separate fraternal-pastoral practice for prayer and healing. (2) Modern evangelical individualism dismisses mutual confession altogether, treating sin-management as a private believer-to-God matter with no place for the discipline of confession to fellow believers. The biblical pattern (James 5:16) and the Puritan-Reformed practice (Owen, Baxter, the Puritan brethren-meetings) hold the discipline as substantive fraternal labor: the believer confesses particular faults to a trusted brother, the brother prays for the believer, the believer prays for the brother, the burden is shared, accountability is established, the healing-and-restoration trajectory is supported. The patriarchal-Reformed reader holds mutual confession as a vital discipline of brotherly fellowship: practiced in trusted male-fraternity contexts, distinct from Catholic auricular confession, distinct from public exposure or accountability-as-shaming, and distinct from modern individualism's denial of the discipline.