From Latin conversio (a turning around); the act by which the regenerate sinner, enabled by the Holy Spirit, turns to God — to Christ in faith and from sin in repentance. Conversion is the conscious, willing human response that flows from the prior monergistic work of regeneration: whereas regeneration is the secret, instantaneous, monergistic act of God implanting new spiritual life (in which the sinner is passive), conversion is the conscious turning of the now-regenerate sinner (in which the sinner is active, though enabled by grace). Conversion comprises two inseparable elements: (1) repentance — the turning from sin, a grief for and hatred of sin, with a turning from it unto God (the negative element, turning from); (2) faith — the turning to Christ, resting upon Him alone for salvation (the positive element, turning to). The two are inseparable: genuine repentance includes turning to God, and genuine faith includes turning from sin; they are two aspects of the one act of conversion. The biblical foundation: the apostolic preaching calls for conversion — Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out (Acts 3:19); testifying both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ (Acts 20:21, the two elements named together); ye turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God (1 Thessalonians 1:9). The patriarchal-Reformed reader holds the substantive doctrine of conversion: the regenerate sinner consciously turns to Christ in faith and from sin in repentance; conversion is the human response (active, willing) flowing from the divine work of regeneration (monergistic, the new birth that enables the response); faith and repentance are the two inseparable elements of the one turning. Conversion is distinguished from regeneration (the divine work that produces it) and is the entry-point of the conscious Christian life, though it does not stand alone but issues in lifelong faith, repentance, and obedience.