← Back to Dictionary
Graven Image
GRAY-vuhn IM-ij
noun phrase
From Old English grafen "carved"; Hebrew pesel (פֶּסֶל) — carved image.

📖 Biblical Definition

Any sculpted, carved, or molded representation made for worship — explicitly forbidden in the second commandment. Exodus 20:4-5: Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them. The Hebrew pesel (graven image) names the carved or sculpted object specifically; the commandment's scope extends to all visual representations made for the purpose of worship. Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions distinguish veneration (dulia, given to images of saints and Christ) from worship (latria, given only to God) — a distinction Protestant traditions have generally rejected as drawing a line Scripture does not draw. The commandment cuts against any practice of bowing before, kissing, lighting candles to, or directing prayer through a physical image. Even the bronze serpent Moses made at God's command became an object of idolatrous worship in Israel and had to be destroyed by Hezekiah (2 Kgs 18:4). The principle is sweeping: God will not share His glory with images.

📜 Webster 1828 Definition

A carved or sculpted idol forbidden in the second commandment.

expand to see more

Any image, sculpture, or carving made for worship — whether of a creature, a deity, or even of YHWH Himself; forbidden by the second commandment as a fundamental violation of God's spiritual nature and the unrepresentability of His glory in carved form.

📖 Key Scripture

Exodus 20:4-5"Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing... thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them."

Deuteronomy 4:15-16"Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves... lest ye corrupt yourselves, and make you a graven image."

Isaiah 44:9-10"They that make a graven image are all of them vanity... who hath formed a god, or molten a graven image that is profitable for nothing?"

⚠️ Modern Corruption

Read as merely a prohibition of foreign idols, missing the warning against making images of YHWH Himself.

expand to see more

The second commandment forbids carved images even of YHWH. The golden calf was meant to be YHWH (Aaron 'made a feast unto the LORD'). Israel sinned by trying to picture the right God. Visual worship of God in image is the perpetual temptation.

🔗 Greek & Hebrew Roots

Hebrew pesel — carved image.

expand to see more

['Hebrew', 'H6459', 'pesel', 'graven image']

['Hebrew', 'H4541', 'massekah', 'molten image']

Usage

"No carved image of God; He has not given His likeness."

"Worship in spirit and truth."

Related Words