Latin liturgical phrase meaning Lift up your hearts (sometimes more fully Sursum corda. Habemus ad Dominum, Lift up your hearts. We lift them up to the Lord). The phrase is an ancient liturgical call-and-response at the beginning of the eucharistic prayer in Christian worship, with substantial parallels across Western Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Lutheran, Anglican, and Reformed liturgical traditions. The substantive theological content is profound: the worshipper is called to lift his heart from earthly things to commune with Christ in heaven, where the bodily Christ is seated at the Father's right hand. The Reformed-confessional retention of the Sursum Corda is particularly substantive: in the Calvin-Geneva liturgy (and successors), the Sursum Corda is the substantive liturgical expression of the spiritual-presence doctrine of the Supper. The bodily Christ is not brought down into the elements (against Catholic transubstantiation and Lutheran consubstantiation); rather, the believer's heart is lifted up by the Spirit to commune with Christ where He is. Calvin's Form of Church Prayers (1542 / 1545) preserves the Sursum Corda substantively in the eucharistic liturgy; subsequent Reformed liturgies (the Forme of Prayers of Knox's Geneva for the Scottish church; the Westminster Directory of Public Worship; the Continental-Reformed liturgies) substantively preserve the same Sursum Corda principle. The patriarchal-Reformed reader values the Sursum Corda as one of the substantively-Reformed liturgical inheritances that expresses the substantive spiritual-presence doctrine in concrete liturgical practice.