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G2056 · Greek · New Testament
ἔριφος
eriphos
Noun, masculine
goat

Definition

Eriphos is the standard Greek word for a goat. In the New Testament it appears in Luke 15:29 — the elder brother complaining, 'You never gave me even a young goat [eriphos] so I could celebrate with my friends.' In Matthew 25:32, the closely related eriphion (diminutive) is used in the Sheep and Goats parable. The goat was a valuable animal in ancient Palestinian economy — used for meat, milk, and sacrifice. Its use in Luke 15 highlights the elder brother's sense of deprivation compared to the lavish welcome of the returning prodigal.

Usage & Theological Significance

In Luke 15:29, the elder son's complaint — 'never a goat for me' — reveals the heart of legalistic religion: service rendered as contractual obligation, expected to produce guaranteed reward. He has been in the Father's house all along but has not enjoyed it. The father's response — 'All that is mine is yours' — exposes the tragedy: he had access to everything and enjoyed nothing. The eriphos he never received is a symbol of the grace he could have appropriated at any moment but never did. Religion without relationship produces a heart that counts goats instead of resting in the Father's presence.

Key Bible Verses

Luke 15:29 But he answered his father, 'Look! All these years I've been slaving for you and never disobeyed your orders. Yet you never gave me even a young goat [eriphos] so I could celebrate with my friends.'
Matthew 25:33 He will put the sheep on his right and the goats on his left.
Leviticus 16:15 He shall then slaughter the goat for the sin offering for the people and take its blood behind the curtain.
Luke 15:31-32 My son, you are always with me, and everything I have is yours. But we had to celebrate and be glad, because this brother of yours was dead and is alive again.
Hebrews 10:4 It is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.

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