The Greek noun paroxysmos (παροξυσμός) means a sharp disagreement, a provoking or stirring up, or an irritating stimulus. It derives from para (alongside) + oxys (sharp). It appears only twice in the New Testament: once describing the sharp dispute between Paul and Barnabas (Acts 15:39), and once in a positive sense — 'stirring up one another to love and good deeds' (Hebrews 10:24). English derives the medical term 'paroxysm' from this word.
The two uses of paroxysmos in the New Testament reveal its double-edged nature. The painful rupture between Paul and Barnabas over John Mark (Acts 15:39) is described as a paroxysmos — a sharp disagreement that led to their separation. Yet this painful conflict produced double missionary fruit: two teams instead of one. God works even through the sharp disagreements of His people. Hebrews 10:24 redeems the word entirely, turning the concept of sharp provocation into a spiritual discipline: we are to 'consider how we may spur one another on (paroxysmon) toward love and good deeds.' The same energy that can divide can, when rightly channeled, become the catalyst for others' growth in holiness.