The Hebrew verb alaph means to teach, to learn, or to be familiar with through training. The root relates to the letter aleph (א), symbolizing the ox — strength and leading. To alaph is to be trained until the path becomes second nature.
In the Old Testament, alaph describes both teaching and the transformation that comes through sustained learning. Job 33:33 — 'Be silent and I will teach you wisdom.' True instruction comes from one who knows to one who seeks, anticipating the New Testament vision of discipleship.