Organic inspiration is the doctrine, developed especially by the Dutch Reformed theologians Abraham Kuyper and Herman Bavinck, that the Holy Spirit inspired the writers of Scripture organically—working through their whole persons, their distinct personalities, vocabularies, literary styles, education, research, and historical circumstances—rather than mechanically overriding them as passive instruments. On this view the Spirit so prepared and providentially shaped each author, and so superintended his composing, that the resulting text is fully the word of that human author and at the same time fully the Word of God, the divine and human authorship concurring without competition. It accounts for the rich diversity of Scripture—the fisherman’s rough Greek and the physician’s polished prose, the shepherd’s psalms and the rabbi’s arguments, Luke’s stated investigation of eyewitnesses—while preserving verbal plenary inspiration, since the very words each author freely chose were the words the Spirit intended. Organic inspiration stands between two errors. It rejects the mechanical or dictation view, which reduces the writers to stenographers and erases their humanity. And it rejects the dynamic or merely human view, which so emphasizes the writers’ freedom and fallibility that inspiration is reduced to religious genius. By contrast, organic inspiration honors both the full humanity of the text and its full divinity, holding that God did not bypass the human authors but worked through them, as the same God who forms a man in the womb and ordains his days could prepare and employ him to write exactly what God willed.