Peter is the most fully-drawn character in the New Testament after Christ Himself. Born Simon, son of Jonah, a fisherman of Capernaum on the Sea of Galilee, he was called by Jesus with the famous promise: "Follow Me, and I will make you fishers of men" (Matthew 4:19). Jesus immediately renamed him: "You are Simon the son of Jonah. You shall be called Cephas" (that is, Peter, "rock" — John 1:42). The name was prophetic rather than descriptive; Peter had to grow into it. Peter's story is a cycle of boldness and collapse. He walked on water and began to sink (Matthew 14:28-31). He confessed "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God" and moments later rebuked Jesus for speaking of the cross — earning the rebuke "Get behind Me, Satan!" (Matthew 16:16-23). He cut off a servant's ear at Gethsemane with the wrong weapon (John 18:10). He swore he would die before denying Christ, and then denied Him three times before a servant girl (Mark 14:29-72). The rooster crowed, he caught Jesus' eye, and "he went out and wept bitterly" (Luke 22:62). But the story did not end there. The risen Christ sought Him out. On the shore of Galilee, Jesus asked three times "Simon, son of Jonah, do you love Me?" — undoing the three denials one at a time, and commissioning him: "Feed My sheep" (John 21:15-17). At Pentecost, Peter — who weeks earlier could not face a servant girl — preached to thousands, and 3,000 were saved. He opened the door to the Gentiles at Cornelius's house. He was imprisoned, beaten, and rescued. Tradition says he was eventually crucified in Rome under Nero, requesting to be crucified upside down because he felt unworthy to die as his Lord had died. Peter is the picture of the disciple whose weakness God turned into strength, whose failure became the doorway to usefulness, whose name ("rock") was finally matched by his life.
Matthew 16:16-18 — "Simon Peter answered and said, "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God." Jesus answered and said to Him, "Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah, for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but My Father who is in heaven. And I also say to you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build My church.""
Luke 22:31-32 — "And the Lord said, "Simon, Simon! Indeed, Satan has asked for you, that he may sift you as wheat. But I have prayed for you, that your faith should not fail; and when you have returned to Me, strengthen your brethren.""
Luke 22:61-62 — "And the Lord turned and looked at Peter. Then Peter remembered the word of the Lord, how He had said to him, "Before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times." So Peter went out and wept bitterly."
John 21:15-17 — ""Simon, son of Jonah, do you love Me?" He said to Him, "Yes, Lord; You know that I love You." He said to him, "Feed My lambs.""
Acts 2:14 — "But Peter, standing up with the eleven, raised his voice and said to them, "Men of Judea and all who dwell in Jerusalem, let this be known to you, and heed my words.""